The
table
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This is the Double-Shell Periodic System of the Elements (PSE),
Metals-Nonmetals Vers., highlighting families of elements.
The characteristics of the table are:
- Columns connected to the various chemical groups
are numbered according to the new (1, 2, ... 32)
and old (1A, 2A, ... 8B) system of IUPAC.
- At the right is seen the numbering 0, 1, 2, 3 of the double-shells.
These numbers indicate at the same time the maximal
angular momentum lmaxoccuring in the respective
double-shell.
- The letters s, p, d, f at the heads of the columns
refer to the angular momenta l = 0, 1, 2, 3
of the boxes in the respective columns.
- As a consequence, the number of the boxes
- in the double-shell #0 is 1 with lmax = 0
- in the double-shell #1 is 2 with lmax = 1
- in the double-shell #2 is 3 with lmax = 2
- in the double-shell #3 is 4 with lmax = 3
The total number of boxes up to element 120 is 10.
- The lower halves of the double-shells are designated
by the topical quantum number c = -1/2,
the upper halves carry c = +1/2.
This topical quantum number is not shown explicitly in the PSE table.
- The left halves of the boxes are designated
by the spin quantum number s = -1/2,
the right halves carry s = +1/2.
This spin quantum number is not shown explicitly in the PSE table.
In the Double-Shell Periodic System electronic states
are fourfold degenerate.
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